Main Types of Blood Cancer and Treatment Indications
Treatment strategy depends on the type and stage of the disease. In aggressive forms and relapsed cases, bone marrow transplantation may be considered one of the key methods for achieving remission.
Leukaemia
Malignant cells develop in the bone marrow and replace healthy blood cells. In acute forms such as ALL and AML, treatment must begin without delay. Bone marrow transplantation may be recommended when long-term remission cannot be achieved with standard therapy alone.
Lymphoma
Lymphoma affects the lymphatic system. Hodgkin lymphoma often responds well to standard chemotherapy, while non-Hodgkin lymphoma may require a more intensive approach. Transplantation is considered in high-risk cases or after relapse.
Multiple Myeloma
These conditions affect plasma cells and normal blood production. For eligible patients with multiple myeloma, autologous stem cell transplantation after chemotherapy is one of the standard treatment options.
Benefits of Blood Cancer Treatment Abroad
Haemato-oncology requires major clinical experience. A doctor who performs a high number of bone marrow transplants each year is better prepared to predict and manage severe complications that are rarely seen in low-volume centres.
Up to 90%
Successful engraftment rate in matched related donor transplants at leading centres.
Lower Cost
Compared with clinics in Germany and Israel, with access to similar international treatment protocols.
wmda
Direct access to international donor registries for patients without a compatible family donor.
48 Hours
Time required to prepare an expert opinion from an international specialist based on your records.
Blood Cancer Treatment Methods Abroad
Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy
These are first-line treatments for many blood cancers. Chemotherapy destroys malignant cells throughout the body, while targeted drugs block specific mutated molecular targets. For example, in chronic myeloid leukaemia, tyrosine kinase inhibitors can help achieve long-term remission without transplantation in many patients.
CAR-T Cell Therapy
CAR-T is an advanced cell therapy method. The patient’s own T-cells are collected, genetically modified in a laboratory to recognise cancer cells, and then returned to the bloodstream. It is used for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and selected B-cell lymphomas. CAR-T therapy is available in specialised centres in Turkey and South Korea.
Bone Marrow Transplantation / HSCT
This method replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy blood-forming stem cells. It may be used as a potentially curative treatment for acute leukaemias, aplastic anaemia, and aggressive lymphomas.
Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy may be used locally for large lymph nodes or as total body irradiation before transplantation. Immunotherapy, including monoclonal antibodies, is selected according to genetic and molecular tumour testing, including NGS where appropriate.
Available Types of Bone Marrow Transplant
The purpose of bone marrow transplantation is to destroy the defective blood-forming system using high-dose chemotherapy and rebuild it with healthy stem cells.
Autologous Transplant
Stem cells are collected from the patient during remission and frozen. After intensive chemotherapy, they are returned to the bloodstream. Since the patient’s own cells are used, there is no risk of rejection. Indications: myeloma, relapsed lymphoma.
Matched Related Donor Transplant
Stem cells are collected from a compatible brother or sister. The chance of a full HLA match between siblings is approximately 25%. The graft-versus-leukaemia effect may also help reduce the risk of relapse. Indications: acute leukaemias, high-risk MDS.
Matched Unrelated Donor Transplant
If there is no compatible family donor, the hospital starts a search through international donor registries such as WMDA. The search process usually takes from 1 to 6 months. Indications: aggressive leukaemias without a suitable family donor.
No 100% Matched Donor?
Haploidentical transplantation is one of the major advances in modern transplant medicine. A parent, child, or half-matched sibling can become a donor with only 50% compatibility. Modern cell processing and transplant protocols help reduce rejection risks and make transplantation possible for many more patients.
How Bone Marrow Transplantation Works: 5 Steps
01
Diagnostics — up to 2 weeks. HLA typing, PET-CT, and assessment of the patient’s and donor’s internal organs.
02
Chemotherapy — 5–10 days. High-dose chemotherapy is used to suppress the immune system and destroy cancer cells.
03
Day 0 — Transplant. Collected stem cells are infused intravenously. The procedure usually takes several hours.
04
Engraftment — 14–28 days. The patient stays in strict isolation in a room equipped with HEPA filtration.
05
Outpatient Monitoring — 8–12 weeks. After discharge, the patient remains close to the hospital for follow-up and monitoring.
Leading Countries and Clinics for Blood Cancer Treatment
Treatment in Turkey
Turkey offers a strong balance of logistics, cost, and medical technology. Hospitals such as Medipol, Medicana, and Koç have access to international donor registries and provide all major types of stem cell transplantation. Turkey is also recognised for strong paediatric teams treating childhood leukaemia.
Treatment in India
India is one of the leading destinations for bone marrow transplantation at accessible costs, often lower than in Turkey. Large hospitals such as Apollo, Fortis, and Max perform hundreds of transplants every year and report strong engraftment outcomes in matched related donor cases.
Treatment in S.Korea
South Korea is often chosen for complex cases. Seoul hospitals such as Samsung Medical Center and Asan Medical Center are recognised for high-volume stem cell transplant programmes. South Korea also offers access to innovative CAR-T therapy and advanced genetic diagnostics.
Steps for Organising Treatment Abroad
Send us your available medical reports, test results, and scans. Our medical coordinator organises your case and arranges professional medical translation into English.
We contact specialists at relevant hospitals. You receive official treatment programmes with detailed cost estimates. We review each option with you and help you make an informed decision.
You do not need to worry about the logistics. We coordinate admission dates, assist with flights, arrange airport transfers, and organise comfortable accommodation.
From your first day at the hospital, you are supported by a dedicated medical interpreter. We coordinate communication with the hospital team and help ensure treatment follows the agreed care plan.
Our support continues after discharge. We assist with recovery planning, translate final medical reports, and help arrange remote follow-up consultations after you return home.
